Vernáculo Arcano

 Scientific racism, a concept that gained strength in the 19th century, was based on the distortion of scientific theories, mainly evolutionary ones, to justify racial hierarchy and the domination of certain groups over others. The origins of this distorted thinking lie in a context of scientific and social advances, but also of profound inequalities and the search for justifications for domination. Anthropology, in its early phase, was one of the fields that contributed most to the rise of scientific racism. Physical anthropology, focused on anatomical differences between human groups, quickly adopted the concept of "race". This classification, combined with the discoveries of prehistoric fossils, such as Neanderthal Man, led some to associate certain physical characteristics with proximity to "lower stages" of human evolution. Cultural anthropology, in turn, proposed that different cultures represented distinct stages in social evolution, culminating in the Europe...

 The Cold War did not give rise to the Global South, but rather created the conditions for its rise and for the questioning of Eurocentrism. Historical Context: Rise of Capitalism and Imperialism (1789-1848): The Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution marked the beginning of an era of European expansion and conquest of the rest of the world. The military and economic superiority of the West led to the capitulation of ancient civilizations and empires, establishing unprecedented global dominance. Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815): The Napoleonic Wars, motivated by economic and ideological rivalries, led to profound transformations in the world map and in the political atmosphere. France, despite its defeat, spread the ideas of the French Revolution, planting seeds of challenge to the Eurocentric world order. World Wars I and II (1914-1945): The World Wars marked the collapse of Western civilization in the 19th century. The rise of fascism and the subsequent victory of the Allies ...